时间:2025-09-18 10:29:10 来源:网络整理编辑:知識
Boom.The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appeara
Boom.
The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appearance on Earth's surface and sent pressure waves around the globe. Now, NASA scientists say the volcano's plume of ash and gas reached a whopping 36 milesup in the atmosphere. That's likely the highest plume ever recorded in the satellite era.
The blast in the South Pacific came from an underwater volcano (Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha'apai are just remnants of the volcanic peak.) As Mashable previously reported, volcanologists suspect that seawater interacting with the volcano's magma (molten rock) beneath the surface ultimately provided this eruption with the pressure for such a massive explosion.
"That's what gave this [eruption] outsized energy, we think," Josef Dufek, a volcanologist at the University of Oregon, told Mashable in January.
All this heat and superheated water "was like hyper-fuel for a mega-thunderstorm," NASA atmospheric scientist Kristopher Bedka told the space agency's Earth Observatory blog. "The intensity of this event far exceeds that of any storm cloud I have ever studied," Bedka added.
Tweet may have been deleted
The blast reached through the atmosphere's troposphere, which exists between the surface and some five to nine miles up in the atmosphere. This is where jetliners fly and our weather occurs. But then it blasted through the next level, the lofty stratosphere, too. That's some 22 miles thick.
Soon after the eruption, the plume reached the mesosphere. Meteors, popularly known as shooting stars, burn up in the mesosphere.
SEE ALSO:How climate change moved Earth's axisWhy Iceland's eruption is so gooey and thrilling
What Earth was like last time CO2 levels were this high
Why it's impossible to forecast the weather too far into the future
The great blast, topping off at 36 miles in elevation, was significantly higher than the historic 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. That eruption reached 22 miles, and its sulfur dioxide gases (which soak up and scatter sunlight) had a cooling effect on the world.
The Tonga eruption likely won't cool the Earth. This eruption largely contained water vapor, not absorbent gases. But, as noted above, the eruption still had a global impact. The blast sent shock waves around Earth, multiple times.
Two astronauts just installed a new parking spot on the International Space Station2025-09-18 10:05
關於塞維利亞德比的五件事 史上最大分差你不敢想2025-09-18 09:37
切爾西前瞻:衝擊三連勝 利茲聯18年不勝難造冷門2025-09-18 09:29
弗裏克拒絕德國隊:與拜仁有合同 要在這裏拿冠軍2025-09-18 09:18
Snapchat is about to explode in popularity, report says2025-09-18 09:04
有理有據 !曼聯隊長談失空門:我是後衛不是前鋒2025-09-18 08:54
曼城前瞻:客場16年不敗取勝無懸念 斯特林遊福地2025-09-18 08:45
比賽日 :紐卡補時絕平12025-09-18 08:40
Nancy Pelosi warns colleagues after info hacked2025-09-18 08:25
蒿俊閔熱身受傷並無大礙 泰山隊1+N合同簽約徐新2025-09-18 08:01
We asked linguists if Donald Trump speaks like that on purpose2025-09-18 10:17
拉斯帕爾馬斯主席遭起訴 從稅務和社保部騙了3700萬歐2025-09-18 10:06
關於塞維利亞德比的五件事 史上最大分差你不敢想2025-09-18 09:23
中超洗牌重慶河北大連或陷被動 無直接降級壓力不大2025-09-18 09:23
Katy Perry talks 'Rise,' her next batch of songs, and how to survive Twitter2025-09-18 09:16
京魯豫成國足潛在熱身對手 李可身體狀況未達到李鐵要求2025-09-18 09:08
C羅自薦皇馬遭高層拒絕 近半數球迷不願看他回歸2025-09-18 08:52
亞足聯已做好江蘇退出預案 泰國韓國受益海港仍要踢資格賽2025-09-18 08:13
Katy Perry talks 'Rise,' her next batch of songs, and how to survive Twitter2025-09-18 07:55
津媒諷深足引援:暴露針對性不夠 過度擴張資源浪費2025-09-18 07:50