时间:2026-09-27 22:55:21 来源:网络整理编辑:知識
Boom.The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appeara
Boom.
The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appearance on Earth's surface and sent pressure waves around the globe. Now, NASA scientists say the volcano's plume of ash and gas reached a whopping 36 milesup in the atmosphere. That's likely the highest plume ever recorded in the satellite era.
The blast in the South Pacific came from an underwater volcano (Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha'apai are just remnants of the volcanic peak.) As Mashable previously reported, volcanologists suspect that seawater interacting with the volcano's magma (molten rock) beneath the surface ultimately provided this eruption with the pressure for such a massive explosion.
"That's what gave this [eruption] outsized energy, we think," Josef Dufek, a volcanologist at the University of Oregon, told Mashable in January.

All this heat and superheated water "was like hyper-fuel for a mega-thunderstorm," NASA atmospheric scientist Kristopher Bedka told the space agency's Earth Observatory blog. "The intensity of this event far exceeds that of any storm cloud I have ever studied," Bedka added.
Tweet may have been deleted
NOAA satellite views show the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption traveling high up into the atmosphere. On the top row, the second image from right shows the plume reaching the mesosphere, before the plume collapsed and spread out.Credit: NOAA / National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS)The blast reached through the atmosphere's troposphere, which exists between the surface and some five to nine miles up in the atmosphere. This is where jetliners fly and our weather occurs. But then it blasted through the next level, the lofty stratosphere, too. That's some 22 miles thick.
Soon after the eruption, the plume reached the mesosphere. Meteors, popularly known as shooting stars, burn up in the mesosphere.
SEE ALSO:How climate change moved Earth's axisWhy Iceland's eruption is so gooey and thrilling
What Earth was like last time CO2 levels were this high
Why it's impossible to forecast the weather too far into the future
The great blast, topping off at 36 miles in elevation, was significantly higher than the historic 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. That eruption reached 22 miles, and its sulfur dioxide gases (which soak up and scatter sunlight) had a cooling effect on the world.
The Tonga eruption likely won't cool the Earth. This eruption largely contained water vapor, not absorbent gases. But, as noted above, the eruption still had a global impact. The blast sent shock waves around Earth, multiple times.
Wikipedia co2026-09-27 22:11
Chance the Rapper is engaged, and we're begging for a wedding invite2026-09-27 21:37
Apple Music is beating Spotify in the US with more subscribers2026-09-27 21:22
This 1 photo perfectly sums up just how obsessed England is with the World Cup2026-09-27 21:14
Two states took big steps this week to get rid of the tampon tax2026-09-27 21:06
Apple Music is beating Spotify in the US with more subscribers2026-09-27 21:02
The best tweets of 2018 so far2026-09-27 20:39
People are baffled by the number of water bottles Harry and Meghan were given in Ireland2026-09-27 20:37
Australian football makes history with first LGBT Pride Game2026-09-27 20:19
Apple Music is beating Spotify in the US with more subscribers2026-09-27 20:18
Wikipedia co2026-09-27 22:52
The best tweets of 2018 so far2026-09-27 22:31
Kiwi the bird and his goth wife welcome 4 semi2026-09-27 22:11
Summer entertainment we (still) can't wait for2026-09-27 22:08
Australian football makes history with first LGBT Pride Game2026-09-27 22:06
People are baffled by the number of water bottles Harry and Meghan were given in Ireland2026-09-27 21:54
Facebook labeled part of the Declaration of Independence as 'hate speech'2026-09-27 21:49
Summer entertainment we (still) can't wait for2026-09-27 21:39
Tyler, the Creator helped Frank Ocean celebrate 'Blonde' release in a delicious way2026-09-27 21:22
All the Pride merch that tried just a little too hard this year2026-09-27 20:35