时间:2024-09-20 08:43:12 来源:网络整理编辑:焦點
Scientists are closely watching Antarctica's ice sheets as human-driven global warming melts the con
Scientists are closely watching Antarctica's ice sheets as human-driven global warming melts the continent. But few studies have focused on what's happening to ice-free areas — the places that penguins, seals, plants, and microbes call home.
Australian researchers this week took a closer look at the rocky outcrops, cliff faces, and mountaintops sprinkled throughout Antarctica. They found these isolated habitats will experience significant changes as ice shelves and glaciers melt due to warming air and water temperatures.
SEE ALSO:Plastic pollution in the ocean is officially everywhere, even AntarcticaPermanent ice-free areas, which now cover about 1 percent of the continent, could grow by 6,600 square miles — a 25-percent increase — during this century, according to their study published this week in the journal Nature.
An ice-free area at Mt. Siple, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica. An Adélie penguin colony is visible in the foreground.Credit: Peter Ryan/Australian Antarctic DivisionThe report is the first quantitative assessment of how climate change will affect Antarctica's ice-free areas in the 21st century.
Antarctic habitats, which today are separated by miles and miles of ice, will increasingly merge in coming decades, expanding areas for native species to grow but also creating new opportunities for invasive species to spread, researchers found.
While more competitive natives could survive and thrive, others may be driven to extinction.
Some Antarctic mosses, for example, could grow faster as temperatures rise. Antarctica's two flowering plant species may continue their southerly expansion. But newcomers, such as the invasive annual meadowgrass Poa annua, could snuff out natives as they spread across newly ice-free areas.
Projected Antarctic ice melt this century.Credit: Lee et al. (2017) Nature"Will this increase in habitat availability benefit the plants and animals that live there? It will definitely provide new opportunities for some native plants and animals to expand their range and colonize new areas," Jasmine Lee, the report's lead author, wrote in a post on The Conversation with coauthors Justine Shaw and Richard Fuller.
"However, the potential benefits seem likely to be outweighed by the negatives," the scientists wrote. "The joining-up of habitat patches could allow species that have been isolated for much of their evolutionary past to meet suddenly."
This merging may eventually lead to the loss of many plant and animal species in the coming centuries and the "homogenization" of Antarctica's ecosystems.
An ice-free cliff in Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica.Credit: Jasmine Lee/Australian Antarctic DivisionLee and her coauthors said the study highlights the need for scientists and tourists alike to take extra precautions when visiting the continent. Bags, shoes, clothes, and field equipment can all carry non-native seeds, microbes, and insects if they're not properly cleaned and inspected before arrival.
"We call for protection of ice-free areas that will remain intact in a changing climate, and for the Antarctic scientific and tourism communities to pinpoint key areas where greater biosecurity and monitoring for invasive species may be needed," the researchers said.
TopicsArtificial Intelligence
Dramatic photo captures nun texting friends after Italy earthquake2024-09-20 08:13
You can now point your phone at Japanese text and get an instant translation2024-09-20 07:51
Trump is going to build that damn wall and all people can talk about is avocados2024-09-20 07:24
Google I/O 2017 dates are revealed by this freakishly hard puzzle2024-09-20 07:22
We asked linguists if Donald Trump speaks like that on purpose2024-09-20 07:05
Twitter reacts with anger as tech CEOs offer to reach out to Trump over immigration ban2024-09-20 07:03
You can now point your phone at Japanese text and get an instant translation2024-09-20 06:55
Apple, Uber, Netflix, Twitter join corporate rebuke of Trump immigration policy2024-09-20 06:51
The U.S. will no longer have the final say on internet domain names2024-09-20 06:38
Mario Batali can't resist a plate of nachos, either2024-09-20 06:36
Watch MTV's Video Music Awards 2016 livestream2024-09-20 08:17
Amazon's getting serious about its delivery ambitions with a $1.4 billion hub2024-09-20 07:59
Trump is going to build that damn wall and all people can talk about is avocados2024-09-20 07:28
Twitter users finding hope in 'badass' national parks2024-09-20 06:56
Nate Parker is finally thinking about the woman who accused him of rape2024-09-20 06:46
Captain America would be proud of this San Jose councilman2024-09-20 06:45
Draw yourself as Benedict Cumberbatch's imaginary date because that's not creepy at all2024-09-20 06:26
Google throws shade at Trump's 'Muslim ban' with a historical Doodle2024-09-20 06:14
Fake news reports from the Newseum are infinitely better than actual news2024-09-20 06:14
Trump is going to build that damn wall and all people can talk about is avocados2024-09-20 06:04