时间:2025-04-26 18:23:04 来源:网络整理编辑:休閑
Donald Trump doesn't usually hold back.Whether it's an attack on a Gold Star family, an entire relig
Donald Trump doesn't usually hold back.
Whether it's an attack on a Gold Star family, an entire religion or a private citizen like the former Miss Universe he called "Miss Piggy," Trump's not exactly a stranger to insults. Now, though, there's also statistical evidence to back that assertion up.
SEE ALSO: Clever cartoon sums up the difference between Clinton and Trump
A new study has found that the Republican presidential candidate is four times more likely to "mock or criticize" other candidates, media or government in a tweet than his primary opponent, Hillary Clinton.
Around 10 percent of his tweets, meanwhile, contain "uncivil" language, like the words "liar" or "dumb puppets," according to the study, led by Jayeon Lee of Lehigh University in Pennsylvania.
Going to Ohio, home of one of the worst presidential candidates in history--Kasich. Can't debate, loves #ObamaCare--dummy!
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) November 23, 2015
Weak and totally conflicted people like @TheRickWilson shouldn't be allowed on television unless given an I.Q. test. Dumb as a rock! @CNN
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) December 10, 2015
"Trump is a very interesting candidate in that sense — very unpredictable," Lee told Mashable. "It was interesting that he had such a high level of incivility ... We have this candidate who is not following the very conventional ways of communication."
The study is set to be published in the November 2016 edition of Public Relations Review. It analyzed two weeks of Trump and Clinton tweets from fall 2015, right in the midst of debate season for the primaries.
Opinions about "public and social issues" made up half of Clinton's tweets, and more than half of her tweets contained links, images, graphics or video. For Trump, 79 percent of his tweets were text-only.
Hillary’s college plan will help students preparing for college, those already in school, and those paying off debt. https://t.co/c0g8A5NYH7
— Hillary Clinton (@HillaryClinton) September 28, 2016
Meanwhile, Trump's opinions on policies and issues made up less than a fifth of his tweets. The greater chunk of his missives featured either criticisms of others or statements of support.
Thank you for your endorsement, @GovernorSununu. #MAGA https://t.co/8BEeQPsuyd
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) September 27, 2016
In fact, nearly 40 percent of Trump's tweets were statements of support or endorsement, and 25 percent were criticisms or attacks. Statements of support formed the most common type of content in his tweets, while the most common content for Clinton's tweets were her opinions on issues, the study found.
As the election season has been heating up, however, Clinton has been going on the offense a bit more, as shown by data compiled by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania and Syracuse University. On Sept. 27, she sent out 31 tweets that were attacks of some sort, showing her more directed attempts to discredit her opponent.
A man who bullies and shames a woman for her weight should never become president. pic.twitter.com/ueLuxRS6Ta
— Hillary Clinton (@HillaryClinton) September 28, 2016
However, that data — made available through a research project on social media's role in the election — also showed that Clinton was still more likely to send a tweet of advocacy than one launching an attack. In addition to 31 attack tweets on Sept. 27, she also sent out 42 tweets of advocacy.
The new study also noted that Trump seemed to directly engage with voters more often — on a level not usually seen with electoral candidates. Politicians tend to not get very up close and personal with voters on social media, according to a Pew Research report that analyzed candidates in the 2012 presidential election.
"Rarely did either candidate reply to, comment on, or 'retweet' something from a citizen — or anyone else outside the campaign," the report said, adding that just 3 percent of Barack Obama's tweets were retweets from citizen supporters and Mitt Romney sent just one.
But Trump has touted his image as a non-traditional candidate, and fittingly, he seems to break from tradition when it comes to social media, too. Through retweets and replies to citizens, Trump engaged with individual citizen supporters more often than Clinton.
Almost half, or about 48 percent, of Trump's tweets were retweets or replies of some sort. And eight out of 10 of these tweets involved citizen supporters.
Meanwhile, retweets and replies were less than a third of Clinton's tweets. And less than a quarter of these tweets involved citizen supporters. In fact, about 52 percent of Clinton's retweets and replies were to her campaign staff and 18 percent involved media organizations.
"Rather than [Trump] using his own words to frame himself in a favorable way, he utilized available citizen sources to demonstrate and reinforce his qualification," the study wrote of Trump's Twitter strategy.
"Although digital technology and social media have allowed less top-down and more conversational political communication," the study explains. "In reality, critics point out that candidates use citizen-generated content only minimally as a way to push their messages out."
Other presidential candidates haven't really "made much use of the social aspect of social media," as Pew Research has explained. But it seems that just as Trump has shaken things up when it comes to language, he's done the same with how politicians approach Twitter.
TopicsTwitterDonald Trump
Fake news reports from the Newseum are infinitely better than actual news2025-04-26 18:19
法國英格蘭會師8強,姆巴佩5球領跑射手榜 ,日韓即將登場(英格蘭3:2阿根廷陣容)2025-04-26 17:58
荷蘭 VS 阿根廷前瞻 :阿根廷 24 年來的第一場半決賽(荷蘭阿根廷半決賽)2025-04-26 17:58
世界杯曆史數據紀錄大匯總 !(巴西世界杯成績單查詢)2025-04-26 17:51
Major earthquake and multiple aftershocks rock central Italy2025-04-26 17:44
2022卡塔爾世界杯AB兩組最終排名英格蘭和荷蘭分居第一 ,16強都對陣弱旅(2022世界杯亞洲12強如何分組)2025-04-26 17:39
【波盈足球】 今晚世足看點 東亞雙雄日本 、韓國力搏強敵搶8強門票 ( 巴西,日本 )2025-04-26 17:18
2022 年卡塔爾世界杯 1/8 決賽葡萄牙 6:1 大勝瑞士晉級,如何評價本場比賽 ?(歐洲杯進16強的球隊)2025-04-26 17:12
Donald Trump's tangled web of Russian influence2025-04-26 16:35
掀起進球狂潮!“中關村杯”區職工足球聯賽小組賽第二輪16場比賽全部結束!(世界杯預選賽第二階段分組)2025-04-26 16:08
Fiji wins first2025-04-26 17:50
2022 年卡塔爾世界杯小組賽末輪韓國 2:1 絕殺葡萄牙驚險晉級 16 強 ,如何評價本場比賽?(2022世界杯16強對陣規則)2025-04-26 17:24
梅西終於露出了笑容,不是因為足球先生,而是兩個月遲到的擁抱(梅西馬拉多納擁抱)2025-04-26 17:16
【波盈足球】 世足巴西隊長席爾瓦 :這不是友誼賽 韓國很強值得尊敬 ( 巴西,韓國 )2025-04-26 17:05
Dramatic photo captures nun texting friends after Italy earthquake2025-04-26 16:32
5次衝擊世界杯 ,從閃亮登場到半步封王,回顧梅西的逐星之路(世界杯第二輪小組賽全部結束了嗎)2025-04-26 15:59
如何評價 2014 年巴西世界杯阿根廷和荷蘭的半決賽 ?(世界杯阿根廷對荷蘭比分預測)2025-04-26 15:52
【波盈足球】 世足「法蘭西放馬過來」英格蘭晉8強譜寫多項紀錄 ( 英格蘭,美聯社 )2025-04-26 15:50
Tourist survives for month in frozen New Zealand wilderness after partner dies2025-04-26 15:47
2022卡塔爾世界杯16強隊伍全部出爐(卡塔爾世界杯最好成績是哪一年)2025-04-26 15:44